סימן קסה סעיף א
כָּל אָב, חַיָב לְחַנֵּךְ אֶת בָּנָיו הַקְּטַנִּים בְּכָל הַמִצְוֹת, בֵּין בְּמִצְוָה דְאוֹרָיְתָא בֵּין בְּמִצְוָה דְרַבָּנָן, כָּל מִצְוָה וּמִצְוָה לְפִי דַעַת הַקָּטָן וְהַקְּטַנָּה. וְכֵן לְהַפְרִישָׁם מִכָּל דְּבַר אִסּוּר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר הַכָּתוּב, חֲנֹךְ לַנַּעַר עַל פִּי דַרְכּוֹ וְגוֹ'. וְאִם לֹא יִוָּסֵר בִּדְבָרִים, יַכֵּהוּ בַּשֵּׁבֶט וְכַדּוֹמֶה, אֲבָל לֹא יַכֵּהוּ מַכּוֹת אַכְזָרִיוֹת כְּמוֹ הַשּׁוֹטִים. וְכָל עָרוּם יַעֲשֶֹה בְדָעַת. וּבְיוֹתֵר צְרִיכִים לְהַשְׁגִּיחַ עֲלֵיהֶם שֶׁלֹּא יְדַבְּרוּ שְׁקָרִים, וּלְלַמֵּד לְשׁוֹנָם דִּבְרֵי אֱמֶת, וּלְהַרְחִיקָם מִן הַשְּׁבוּעוֹת (עַיֵּן לְעֵיל סִימָן סז סָעִיף ט). וּדְבָרִים אֵלּוּ מֻטָּלִים עַל הָאָבוֹת וְעַל הַמְלַמְּדִים.
Every1Some say every mother too. See Mishna Berurah 343:5. Others say if he has no father, his mother and Beis Din are responsible to train him. (see Mishna Berurah 640:5) father is obligated to train his young children2After his Bar Mitzvah, you are as responsible for him as you are for your fellow Jew and must reprimand him when necessary and direct him to do what is right. (see Mishna Berurah 225:7) in the practice of all the mitzvos, both Biblical mitzvos, and mitzvos that are Rabbinically ordained. They should be trained to do each mitzvah, in accordance with his or her intelligence. It is also his obligation to prevent them from doing any forbidden act,3Even from violating a Rabbinic injunction. as is said in the Scriptures, "Train a child in the way he should go,"4Proverbs 22:6. etc. If words are of no avail, you should chastise him with a rod, or the like. But you should not strike him severely as some fools do; a wise person will act intelligently. It is especially important to watch that they tell no lies,5The Gra, in his Igeres, says to deal severely with children when they tell a lie. and to train them to speak the truth, and to avoid oaths. The above things are mandatory upon fathers as well as teachers.
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)