סימן עה סעיף יא
אֵין לִתֵּן מַיִם אֲפִלּוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם לְתוֹךְ נֶקֶב הַמְּנוֹרָה שֶׁמַּכְנִיסִין שָׁם אֶת הַנֵּר שֶׁל חֵלֶב אוֹ שֶׁל שַׁעֲוָה, כְּדֵי שֶׁכְּשֶׁיַּגִּיעַ לְשָׁם יִתְכַּבֶּה. וּבִמְקוֹם צֹרֶךְ, יֵשׁ לְהָקֵל אִם נוֹתֵן מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. אֲבָל לְהַעֲמִיד כְּלִי עִם מַיִם תַּחַת מְנוֹרָה הַתְּלוּיָה, כְּדֵי שֶׁאִם יִפְּלוּ נִיצוֹצוֹת יִתְכַּבּוּ, אִסּוּר גָּמוּר הִיא, אֲפִלּוּ לְהַעֲמִידוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. וּלְהַעֲמִיד כְּלִי בְּלִי מַיִם לְקַבֵּל הַנִּיצוֹצוֹת מֻתָּר, אֲפִלּוּ מִשֶּׁחָשְׁכָה, כִּי נִיצוֹצוֹת אֵין בָּהֶם מַמָּשׁ. וּלְהַעֲמִיד הַכְּלִי בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁיְטַפְטֵף לְשָם הַשֶׁמֶן אוֹ הַחֵלֶב מִשֶׁחָשְׁכָה, אָסוּר, דְּכֵיוָן שֶׁאִם יְטַפְטֵף יֵאָסֵר הַכְּלִי בְּטִלְטוּל, נִמְצָא שֶׁהוּא מְבַטֵּל כְּלִי מֵהֵיכָנוֹ וְאָסוּר, מִשּׁוּם דַּהֲוֵי כְּאִלּוּ דָּבְקוּ שָׁם. אֲבָל לְהַעֲמִידוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, מֻתָּר. וְאִם נָטַף לְתוֹכוֹ שֶׁמֶן, אָסוּר לְהִסְתַּפֵּק מִמֶּנּוּ בְּשַׁבָּת, וְהַכְּלִי אָסוּר בְּטִלְטוּל. וְאִם לֹא נָטַף לְתוֹכוֹ, לֹא נֶאֱסָר הַכְּלִי בְּטִלְטוּל עַל יְדֵי מַחְשָׁבָה בְּעָלְמָא.
No water should be put—even by day [before shabbos]—into the socket of the candlestick wherein you place the tallow or wax candle, so that it will be extinguished on reaching it; but in case of necessity, this rule may be waived provided the water is put there in daytime. But placing a vessel with water under a candelabra28Even before lighting the candles [Magein Avraham]. so that if sparks fall they will be extinguished—this is strictly forbidden even when placed when it is still daytime.29It is forbidden to cause the extinguishment of sparks, for instance by raising the vessel on Shabbos, to catch the sparks. In order to prevent this—it is forbidden to place the vessel of water under the candle even on Erev Shabbos. See Magein Avraham for additional reasons [Mishnah Berurah 265: 15]. But placing a vessel without water to intercept the sparks is permitted even after dark because sparks are not tangible.30See footnote 31. Placing a vessel to catch the dripping oil or fat is forbidden once it is dark, for should oil or tallow drip into the vessel, it would be forbidden to move the vessel. Consequently, you are neutralizing the vessel from its state of readiness, which is forbidden,31Since the vessel was, until now, allowed to be moved and it is now forbidden to be moved (because it became muktzeh, see chapter 88) it is as though you dismantled it on Shabbos [Rambam]. Rashi (Maseches Shabbos 442b) explains that since you are not allowed to move it, it is as though you cemented it in its place on Shabbos. This is a Rabbinical prohibition, for there is no actual dismantling or building taking place. In the case of the sparks, the sparks do not make the vessel muktzeh for they do not remain there. because it is considered as though it were fastened there. But placing it there while it is still day is permitted. And if oil dripped into it you are forbidden to use the oil on Shabbos and you are not allowed to move the vessel. And if (oil) did not drip into it, it is not forbidden to move the vessel, merely because of intent.
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)