סימן עז סעיף יד
בֵּין בַּלַּיְלָה בֵּין בַּיּוֹם, אֵין קִדּוּשׁ אֶלָּא בִּמְקוֹם סְעוּדָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר, וְקָרָאתָ לַשַׁבָּת עֹנֶג, וְדָרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה קוֹרֵא לַשַׁבָּת, כְּלוֹמַר, קְרִיאָה דְּקִדּוּשׁ, שָׁם יְהֵא עֹנֶג. וְאִם קִדֵּשׁ בְּבַיִת זֶה וְאוֹכֵל בְּבַיִת אַחֵר, אֲפִלּוּ אִם בִּשְׁעַת קִדּוּשׁ הָיָה בְּדַעְתוֹ כֵּן, אֵינוֹ יוֹצֵא יְדֵי קִדּוּשׁ, וְגַם צָרִיךְ לֶאֱכוֹל מִיָּד לְאַחַר הַקִּדּוּשׁ. וְאִם לֹא אָכַל מִיָּד לְאַחַר הַקִּדּוּשׁ, לֹא יָצָא יְדֵי קִדּוּשׁ. וּבַיּוֹם אַף שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה לֶאֱכוֹל מִיָּד סְעוּדָּה קְבוּעָה, יָכוֹל לְקַדֵּשׁ וְלֶאֱכוֹל קְצָת פַּת כִּיסָנִין, וְאָז צָרִיךְ לִשְׁתּוֹת מִן הַכּוֹס רְבִיעִית, כְּדֵי לְבָרֵךְ בְּרָכָה עַל הַמִּחְיָה וְעַל פְּרִי הַגָּפֶן. וְזֹאת יָכוֹל לַעֲשׂוֹת גַּם קֹדֶם מוּסָף אִם לִבּוֹ חָלוּשׁ (עַיֵן סָעִיף שֶׁאַחַר זֶה) וּמוֹהֵל שֶׁהוּא צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עַל כּוֹס הַמִּילָה וַעֲדַיִן לֹא קִדֵּשׁ, יִשְׁתֶּה מִן הַכּוֹס כִּמְלֹא לֻגְמָיו וְעוֹד רְבִיעִית (עַיֵן סִימָן שֶלִפְנֵי זֶה סָעִיף ח').
Both at night and during the day53See Rambam (29: 10). kiddush must be recited only at the place where the meal is served, as it is said, "And you will call the Shabbos a delight."54Isaiah 58. And our Rabbis of blessed memory expounded:55Rashbam (Maseches Pesachim 101a). In the place where you call forth the Shabbos, namely with the saying of kiddush, that should be the place of delight.56This implies the Shabbos meal. Therefore, if you say kiddush in one house and eat in another house, even if during kiddush you had this in mind,57Having intention helps only in regard to two places which are under one roof [two different rooms in the same building]. However, initially this should not be practiced because of the objection of Ran (Biur Halachah 273: 1). 58Regarding the question if you can see the place in the other house, from the place where you said kiddush, see Shaar Hatziyun 273: 8. you have not fulfilled the mitzvah of kiddush. You are also required to eat the meal immediately after kiddush. And if you did not eat immediately after kiddush, you did not fulfill the mitzvah of kiddush. By day, even if you do not want to eat the regular meal immediately, you can recite the kiddush, and eat some cake,59This is not the general custom. but then you must drink a revi'is60See glossary. [of wine] from the cup in order to say the berachah Al hamichyah ve'al peri hagafen, [for the food and for the fruit of the vine.] This may also be done before Musaf, if one has a weak heart.61See Rambam (Tefilah 6: 4), Shulchan Aruch 286: 3, etc. and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (following paragraph). One may do this initially (even if he has no weak heart). If one has a weak heart he may do this even if he has nothing over which to say kiddush [Eliyahu Rabbah, Mishnah Berurah 286: 9]. A mohel who must say a berachah on the cup [of wine drunk] at the circumcision and has not yet recited kiddush, should first drink a cheekful from the cup and an additional revi'is.
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)