סימן פ סעיף י
פֵּרוֹת שֶׁנִּתְפַּזְרוּ בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד בַּבַּיִת אוֹ בֶּחָצֵר מֻתָּר לְקַבְּצָם. אֲבָל אִם נִתְפַּזְּרוּ אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה דְּאִכָּא טִרְחָא לְקַבְּצָם, אָסוּר לְקַבְּצָם לְתוֹךְ הַסַּל, אֶלָּא מְלַקֵּט וְאוֹכֵל (שכ"ה).
Fruit that was scattered in one place in the house or yard, may be gathered together.37Even into a basket. (see Shulchan Aruch 335: 5) But if they are scattered all about, when it is a bother to gather them, it is forbidden to gather them into a basket,38Because this is considered uvda dechol. Uvda dechol implies any weekday type of activity. These are Rabbinical prohibitions. The Rambam in an Igeres (Letter) lists three types of uvda dechol: (1) activities that resemble a melachah of Shabbos, (2) one that may lead to an act of desecrating the Shabbos, (3) a very bothersome activity. but you may pick them up and eat them39One or two at a time. (Shulchan Aruch) 40The Vilna Gaon holds that it is only permitted to eat them, but according to Tosafos and the Rosh, it is permitted to put the fruits into a garment, etc., but definitely not into a basket. 41Gathering fruits together into a pile or heap is a melachah called מְעַמֵר (me’ameir). Rambam, Or Zarua (Maseches Shabbos Ch. 57), Meiri-Yesh Omrim rule that this is prohibited even when done not in the place where they grew. Tosafos (Maseches Beitzah 31), Semag and Tur 340 rule that it is prohibited only in the place in which they grew. The Eglei Tal rules that it is best to be machmir.
The halachah of uvda dechol, however, merely concerns the actual gathering of the fruit, but does not deal with the piling or heaping of the fruit. [one by one].
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)