סימן קלג סעיף טו

כְּשֶׁמַּאֲכִילִין אֶת הַמְעֻבֶּרֶת אוֹ אֶת הַיּוֹלֶדֶת אוֹ אֶת הַחוֹלֶה, מַנִּיחִין לִפְנֵיהֶם אֶת הַמַּאֲכָל וְאוֹמְרִים לָהֶם, אִם יוֹדֵע אַתָּה שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר שֶׁתִּסְתַּכֵּן אִם לֹא תֹאכַל דֵּי מַחְסוֹרְךָ, תֹּאכַל כְּסֵדֶר, עַד שֶׁתָּבִין כִּי דַי לָךְ. אֲבָל אִם אֶפְשָׁר לְךָ שֶׁלֹּא תֹאכַל בְּפַעַם אַחַת כַּשִּׁעוּר, עֲשֵׂה כָּךְ. וְיֹאכַל בְּפַעַם אַחַת כְּשִׁעוּר שְׁנֵי שְׁלִישֵׁי בֵיצָה, (כִּי שִׁעוּר אֲכִילָה לְהִתְחַיֵב כָּרֵת בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים הוּא כַּכּוֹתֶבֶת הַגַסָּה, שֶׁהוּא פָּחוֹת מְעַט מִכַּבֵּיצָה בֵינוֹנִית בְּלֹא קְלִפָּתָהּ). וְיִשְׁהֶה קְצָת וְשׁוּב יֹאכַל כָּךְ, וְיִשְׁהֶה בֵין אֲכִילָה לַאֲכִילָה עַד שֶׁיְהֵא מִסוֹף הָאֲכִילָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה עַד תְּחִלַּת הָאֲכִילָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה לְכָל הַפָּחוֹת שִׁעוּר כְּדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס. וְכֵן יָכוֹל לֶאֱכֹל אֲפִלּוּ הַרְבֵּה פְּעָמִים, רַק שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיוּ שְׁתֵּי אֲכִילוֹת בְּתוֹךְ שִׁעוּר אֲכִילַת פְּרָס אִם אֶפְשָׁר, וְדַי לוֹ, (כִּי שְׁתֵּי אֲכִילוֹת, שֶׁהֵן בִּכְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס, מִצְטָרְפוֹת וְנֶחְשָׁבוֹת כַּאֲכִילָה אֶחָת). וּבִשְׁתִיָה, יִשְׁתֶּה בְּפַעַם אַחַת קְצָת פָּחוֹת מִמְּלֹא לֻגְמָיו, וְיִשְׁהֶה גַם כֵּן קְצָת וְיַחֲזוֹר וְיִשְׁתֶּה. וּשְׁהִיּוֹת אֵלּוּ תִּהְיֶינָה גַּם כֵּן לְכָל הַפָּחוֹת כְּדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס, אוֹ עַל כָּל פָּנִים לְפָחוֹת כְּדֵי שְׁתִיַת רְבִיעִית. וְיֵש לְשַׁעֵר קֹדֶם יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שִׁעוּרִים אֵלּוּ לְפִי כְּלִי שָׁעוֹת [הַשָּׁעוֹן] (אוהר, זייגער), כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵדְעוּ אוֹתָם עַל נָכוֹן (תריב תריח).

When you give food to a pregnant woman or to a woman who has given birth¹⁴A woman within three days after giving birth should not fast at all; even if she says she does not need to eat, we tell her to eat. (Ibid 617:10) or to a sick person, you should place the food before them, and say to them, "If you feel that you may be in danger unless you eat as much as you need, then you may eat normally, until you are satisfied.¹⁵Great care must be taken not to eat more than the halachic quantity at one time, unless it is absolutely necessary. For if less than the halachic quantity will suffice, it is a grave sin to eat more than this. (Ibid 618, Biur Halachah) However if it is possible for you to eat only the halachic quantity at one time, then do as follows: Eat at one time a quantity the size of two-thirds of an egg.¹⁶See Glossary (The quantity of food, for which a person is punished by kareis [premature death] [if he eats it] on Yom Kippur is the size of a large date which is a little less than a medium-size egg with the shell.) Then take a short pause, and eat the same quantity again. The pause between eatings should be sufficiently long¹⁷This must be done in order that these eatings not be combined and be considered as one. (Ibid 618:19) so that from the end of one meal to the beginning of the next should be at least as long as the time needed for achilas peras.¹⁸According to Chasam Sofer the interval should be at least nine minutes. If this is too difficult, it is sufficient to wait 6 3/4 minutes. In this manner you may eat even many times, provided the interval between two meals is at least as long as achilas peras¹⁸According to Chasam Sofer the interval should be at least nine minutes. If this is too difficult, it is sufficient to wait 6 3/4 minutes. if you can wait that long, [and the small quantity] is sufficient for you. (Two meals that are separated by a lesser pause, are combined, and considered one meal.) With regard to drinking, you may drink at one time a little less than a mouthful,¹⁹This amount varies according to each individual. Before Yom Kippur a sick person should determine the actual quantity it takes to fill one of his cheeks and thus he will know how much he is permitted to drink at one time. (Ibid 618:21) pause a bit and drink again. These pauses should be at least as long as the time needed for achilas peras, or in any case at least [as long as it takes] to drink a reve'is.¹⁶See Glossary Before Yom Kippur you should measure the lengths of these intervals by timing them with a [stop] watch, so that you will know them exactly."

תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)