סימן כא סעיף ו

תְּפִלַּת הַתַּשְׁלוּמִין שֶׁהוּא מִתְפַּלֵּל, חַיָּב לְהִתְפַּלֵּל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוּא מִתְפַּלֵּל אָז תְּפִלַּת הַחוֹבָה, כְּגוֹן אִם לֹא הִתְפַּלֵּל מִנְחָה בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת, מִתְפַּלֵּל עַרְבִית שְׁתַּיִם שֶׁל שַׁבָּת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַשְּׁנִיָּה בָּאָה לְתַשְׁלוּם תְּפִלַּת חֹל, מִכָּל מָקוֹם, כֵּיוָן שֶׁעַתָּה הוּא שַׁבָּת, מִתְפַּלֵּל שֶׁל שַׁבָּת. וְאִם הִתְפַּלֵּל שֶׁל חֹל, חוֹזֵר וּמִתְפַּלֵּל, וְכֵן בְּעֶרֶב רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ אִם לֹא הִתְפַּלֵּל מִנְחָה מִתְפַּלֵּל עַרְבִית שְׁתַּיִם, וְאוֹמֵר בִּשְׁתֵּיהֶן יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא. וְאִם לֹא הִתְפַּלֵּל עַרְבִית בְּרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ, שֶׁמִּתְפַּלֵּל שַחֲרִית שְׁתַּיִם, אִם שָׁכַח יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא אֲפִלּוּ בַּשְּׁנִיָּה חוֹזֵר וּמִתְפַּלֵּל, (אַף עַל גַּב דְתַשְׁלוּמִין הַלַּיְלָה הִיא, וְאָז לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר, מִכָּל מָקוֹם הַשְׁתָּא יְמָמָא הוּא), וּבְשַׁבָּת אִם לֹא הִתְפַּלֵּל מִנְחָה, מִתְפַּלֵּל עַרְבִית גַּם כֵּן שְׁתַּיִם שֶׁל חֹל, אֶלָּא שֶׁיֵּשׁ חִלּוּק בְּאַתָּה חוֹנַנְתָּנוּ. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה אוֹמֵר אַתָּה חוֹנַנְתָּנוּ, וּבַשְּׁנִיָּה אֵינוֹ אוֹמְרוֹ. וְהַטַּעַם בָּזֶה, כֵּיוָן שֶׁאַתָּה חוֹנַנְתָּנוּ הוּא כְּמוֹ הַבְדָּלָה, וְאֵין מַבְדִּילִין בּ' פְּעָמִים בַּתְּפִלָּה, וְהוּא הַדִּין לְהֵפֶךְ, אִם שָׁכַח עַרְבִית בְּמוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת. מִתְפַּלֵּל שַׁחֲרִית שְׁתַּיִם, וְאוֹמֵר בִּתְפִלַּת הַתַּשְׁלוּמִין אַתָּה חוֹנַנְתָּנוּ, לְפִי שֶׁמֵּעִקַּר הַתַּקָּנָה, צָרִיךְ לְהַבְדִּיל בַּתְּפִלָּה (ק"ח רצ"ד).

The make-up tefillah that you pray must be the same as the tefillah that is due at that time. For example, if you omitted Mincha on Friday afternoon, [then] you pray two Shabbos-Maariv tefillos at Maariv, notwithstanding the fact that the second tefillah comes as compensation for a weekday tefillah, nevertheless, since now (at the time of the make-up tefillah) it is Shabbos, you pray a Shabbos tefillah. If [being ignorant of the above halachah] you said a weekday tefillah as compensation you must repeat [the Shabbos] Shemoneh Esrei. Similarly, on the day preceeding Rosh Chodesh, if you omitted Minchah [then] you pray two Maariv Shemoneh Esreis and at both you say Ya'aleh ve'yavo.¹⁰You say Ya’aleh ve’yavo despite the fact that this Shemoneh Esrei is compensation for a Shemoneh Esrei that did not require Ya’aleh ve’yavo. If you omitted Maariv on Rosh Chodesh, requiring you to pray two Shacharis tefillos, and if you inadvertently omitted Ya'aleh ve'yavo¹¹For the times when omitting Ya’aleh ve’yavo would not require a repetition of Shemoneh Esrei (See chapter 19, para. 10). even during the second [Shemoneh Esrei]¹²The make-up tefillah. you must repeat the Shemoneh Esrei; (despite the fact that it is compensation for the night¹³I.e. Maariv. and, then, [had you omitted Ya'aleh ve'yavo] you were not required to repeat [the tefillah], nevertheless, now it is day.¹⁴And omitting Ya’aleh ve’yavo during a daytime Shemoneh Esrei requires repeating the tefillah.) If you omitted Minchah, on Shabbos here, too, you pray two weekday [Shemoneh Esreis] at Maariv. However [in this case] there is a difference [regarding] the Atah Chonantanu¹⁵An additional prayer said at Maariv at the conclusion of Shabbos. prayer. In the first Shemoneh Esrei you should say Atash Chonantanu, but in the second prayer, you do not say it.¹⁶Despite the fact that the second Shemoneh Esrei is a Maariv Shemoneh Esrei when Atah Chonantanu is required. The reason for this is since Atah Chonantanu is like the Havadlah¹⁷Havdalah—a blessing recited upon the conclusion of Shabbos denoting the separation of the holy (Shabbos) and the profane (weekdays). blessing, and Havdalah is not said twice in tefillah.¹⁸Unlike the special prayers added to the Shemoneh Esrei on Shabbos, Rosh Chodesh and Yom Tov where each tefillah requires that special prayer, Havdalah—signifying the distinction between Shabbos and the weekdays (or Yom Tov and the weekdays)—need only be said once (Magen Avraham 108:13). The same applies in the opposite situation: If you omitted Maariv at the conclusion of Shabbos, [then,] you pray two Shacharis Shemoneh Esreis and during the make-up prayer say Atah Chonantanu, because originally it was instituted that Havdalah be said during Shemoneh Esrei.

תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)