סימן צח סעיף א

כָּל מְלָאכָה שֶׁאֲסוּר לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ בַּשַׁבָּת, אָסוּר לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב. וּכְמוֹ שֶׁבַּשַׁבָּת אָסוּר לַעֲשׂוֹת אֲפִלּוּ עַל יְדֵי אֵינוֹ יְהוּדִי, כְּמוֹ כֵּן בְּיוֹם טוֹב. וּכְשֵׁם שֶׁאָדָם מְצֻוֶּה עַל שְׁבִיתַת בְּהֶמְתּוֹ בַּשַׁבָּת, כָּךְ הוּא מְצֻוֶּה בְּיוֹם טוֹב. וְאֵין בֵּין יוֹם טוֹב לְשַׁבָּת אֶלָּא אֹכֶל נֶפֶשׁ בִּלְבָד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר, אַךְ אֲשֶׁר יֵאָכֵל לְכָל נֶפֶשׁ הוּא לְבַדּוֹ יֵעָשֶׂה לָכֶם, דְּהַיְנוּ, לִישָׁה, אֲפִיָּה, שְׁחִיטָה וּבִשּׁוּל. וְהוֹצָאָה וְהַבְעָרָה מֻתָּרוֹת בְּיוֹם טוֹב גַּם שֶׁלֹּא לְצֹרֶךְ אֹכֶל נֶפֶשׁ, אֶלָּא לְצֹרֶךְ אַחֵר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁקִּבְּלוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, דְּאָמְרִינָן בְּהוּ, מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁהֻתְּרוּ לְצֹרֶךְ אֹכֶל נֶפֶשׁ הֻתְּרוּ נַמִי שֶׁלֹּא לְצֹרֶךְ אֹכֶל נֶפֶשׁ, אֶלָּא לְצֹרֶךְ אַחֵר (תצה). וְנֵר שֶׁל יָארְצַיְיט (יום זכרון להוריו), אֵין לְהַדְלִיק בְּיוֹם טוֹב (עַיֵּן ספר שו"ת אמרי אש, אוֹרַח חַיִּים סִימָן מ', וְעַיֵּן לעיל ס"ס צ')

Any¹This includes all rabbinically prohibited work. (Peri Megadim M.Z. 308, Chayei Adam 80:1) melachah (work) that may not be done on Shabbos, is also forbidden on Yom Tov.²However, the penalty of death applies to the desecration of Shabbos, but not Yom Tov. And just as on Shabbos it is forbidden to have work done even by a non-Jew, so it is forbidden on Yom Tov. And just as a person is commanded to allow his animals to rest³See Chapter 87 for details. on Shabbos, so, too, is he commanded on Yom Tov.⁴Meiri Maseches Beitzah 36, Beis Yosef 305, Magein Avraham 246:12, Vilna Gaon, Mishnah Berurah 246:19. The Remah 246:3, Rashi, Riva and Peri Chadash, however, maintain that this is not prohibited on Yom Tov. Yom Tov differs from Shabbos only with regard to the preparation of food,⁵Maseches Megillah 7b. for it says (concerning Yom Tov), "Only that which is eaten by any soul, that alone may be prepared by you."⁶Exodus 12:16. This⁷Many types of melachah in the preparations of food are forbidden on Yom Tov (e.g. harvesting, grinding, squeezing grapes etc., threshing, sifting etc.). Shulchan Aruch 495:2 rules that these types are prohibited rabbinically, while the Yerushalmi, Rashba, Reshal, Taz, Vilna Gaon etc. rule that they are prohibited de’oraisa. They maintain that the Torah permitted only the kind of labor needed for one day’s needs, but not the kind of labor usually done on a large scale. includes kneading, baking, slaughtering, and cooking. Carrying,⁸See Chapter 82 for details. and lighting a fire⁹You may only light a fire from an existing flame but you are not allowed to produce a new fire. See paragraph 31. are permitted on Yom Tov, even if not needed for preparing food, but for some other necessity.¹⁰Most poskim maintain it is a de’oraisa prohibition to carry on Yom Tov if there is no necessity. Rashi, Riaz and possibly Rif and Rambam hold it is derabanan. (See Biur Halachah 518:1) Our Sages, of Blessed Memory,¹¹See Maseches Beitzah 12a. had this rule by tradition regarding these (two melachos),¹²Even though carrying and lighting a fire are not melachos performed directly on the food itself, they are necessary for its preparation. Melachos that are synonymous with food preparation such at baking and cooking are certainly included in this ruling and are permitted for other necessities. (Maggid Mishneh, Magein Avraham, Vilna Gaon, Machatzis Hashekel, Mishnah Berurah 518:1) of which it is said: "Since these labors are permitted for the purpose of preparing food,¹³Shulchan Aruch 495:1 implies that Melachah is permitted for food requirements, even if it could have been done before Yom Tov and would have the same taste. Most poskim, however, Rema, Maharil, Eliyahu Rabbah, Peri Chadash etc. maintain that this is forbidden rabbinically, but permit it when done in an unconventional way (shinui). (Rema, Ran) If you were unable to prepare it before Yom Tov, due to an extreme emergency, you may prepare it on Yom Tov in the usual manner. (Shulchan Aruch Harav, Mishnah Berurah) If, however, you just didn’t have time to do it before Yom Tov, you must do it in an unconventional way. they are also permitted for purposes other than preparing food,"¹⁴The Rema 518:1 rules that it is permitted to carry something because you fear it will get stolen or lost. Mishnah Berurah 518:6 rules it proper to be stringent, like the Rosh, Tur, Maharil, Reshal etc., who hold the necessity must be for a mitzvah or for something you need that day in particular (such as an ornament). but for some other necessity. However, a yahrzeit candle may not be lit on Yom Tov.¹⁵The Kesav Sofer responsum 65 permits this, but says it is still better to light it in the synagogue where you may light candles on Yom Tov, as it is an honor to the synagogue, (see Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 101:2) The Misgeres Hashulchan says the custom is to light them even at home but it is best to do it in the synagogue. This is also the view of Biur Halachah 514:5, who adds if you light it in your house, you should do it in the room where you eat.

תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא שנאמר הליכות עולם לו אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות (נדה ע"ג.)